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| 1839 |
| | A British army invades Afghanistan and instals a puppet ruler, Shuja Shah, as the Afghan amir | |
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| 1842 |
| | The British abandon Kabul, losing most of the garrison force in the withdrawal to India and bringing to an end the first Anglo-Afghan war | |
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| 1878 |
| | Three British armies invade Afghanistan, beginning the second Anglo-Afghan War | |
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| 1881 |
| | The British withdraw from Afghanistan, having achieved nothing in the Second Anglo-Afghan War | |
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| 1919 |
| | Afghanistan finally achieves international recognition as an independent nation | |
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| 1965 |
| | Zahir Shah allows the first elections in his kingdom of Afghanistan | |
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| 1973 |
| | A military coup deposes Zahir Shah and brings to an end the hereditary monarchy in Afghanistan | |
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| 1979 |
| | Communist measures in Afghanistan provoke a Muslim jihad and the murder of more than 100 Russians in Herat | |
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| 1979 |
| | Soviet troops invade Afghanistan to suppress anti-communist anarchy | |
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| 1982 |
| | The Saudi fundamentalist Osama bin Laden joins the mujaheddin in their fight against the Soviet occupiers of Afghanistan | |
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